BAX (Mus musculus)
Description [+]
- Synonyms: BAX, BAX, BCL2-ASSOCIATED X PROTEIN
- Species: Metazoa;Bilateria;Deuterostoma;Chordata;Vertebrata;Mammalia;Rodentia; Mus musculus
- Short gene description: BCL2-associated X protein Gene [Source:MGI Symbol;Acc:MGI:99702]
- Family: CARD-containing protein : other
- Process: apoptosis,
- Pathways: intrinsic pathway, pre-mitochondrial signaling events,
- Criteria: manually curated
- Curator comment:
- Human ortholog(s): BAX
- WIKI: BAX-M_musculus
References [+]
- ARC, an inhibitor of apoptosis expressed in skeletal muscle and heart that interacts selectively with caspases.
- Koseki T, Inohara N, Chen S, Nunez G
- We have identified and characterized ARC, apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (CARD). Sequence analysis revealed that ARC contains an N-terminal CARD fused to a C-terminal region rich in proline/glutamic acid residues. The CARD domain of ARC exhibited significant homology to the prodomains of apical caspases and the CARDs present in the cell death regulators Apaf-1 and RAIDD. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that ARC interacts with caspase-2, -8, and Caenorhabditis elegans CED-3, but not with caspase-1, -3, or -9. ARC inhibited apoptosis induced by caspase-8 and CED-3 but not that mediated by caspase-9. Further analysis showed that the enzymatic activity of caspase-8 was inhibited by ARC in 293T cells. Consistent with the inhibition of caspase-8, ARC attenuated apoptosis induced by FADD and TRADD and that triggered by stimulation of death receptors coupled to caspase-8, including CD95/Fas, tumor necrosis factor-R1, and TRAMP/DR3. Remarkably, the expression of human ARC was primarily restricted to skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue. Thus, ARC represents an inhibitor of apoptosis expressed in muscle that appears to selectively target caspases. Delivery of ARC by gene transfer or enhancement of its endogenous activity may provide a strategy for the treatment of diseases that are characterized by inappropriately increased cell death in muscle tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Apr 28;95(9):5156-60.
- References from Human ortholog(s):
- Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death.
- Oltvai ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ
- Bcl-2 protein is able to repress a number of apoptotic death programs. To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2's effect, we examined whether Bcl-2 interacted with other proteins. We identified an associated 21 kd protein partner, Bax, that has extensive amino acid homology with Bcl-2, focused within highly conserved domains I and II. Bax is encoded by six exons and demonstrates a complex pattern of alternative RNA splicing that predicts a 21 kd membrane (alpha) and two forms of cytosolic protein (beta and gamma). Bax homodimerizes and forms heterodimers with Bcl-2 in vivo. Overexpressed Bax accelerates apoptotic death induced by cytokine deprivation in an IL-3-dependent cell line. Overexpressed Bax also counters the death repressor activity of Bcl-2. These data suggest a model in which the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax determines survival or death following an apoptotic stimulus. Cell. 1993 Aug 27;74(4):609-19.
Structure & Sequence [+]
Pfam domains:
(Pfam is a large collection of protein families.)
| Source | Domain Name | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|
| PFAM A | Bcl-2 | 63 | 158 |
Protein sequence [+]
Bax | Mus musculus | 10090 | length:192
MDGSGEQLGSGGPTSSEQIMKTGAFLLQGFIQDRAGRMAGETPELTLEQPPQDASTKKLS
ECLRRIGDELDSNMELQRMIADVDTDSPREVFFRVAADMFADGNFNWGRVVALFYFASKL
VLKALCTKVPELIRTIMGWTLDFLRERLLVWIQDQGGWEGLLSYFGTPTWQTVTIFVAGV
LTASLTIWKKMG
ECLRRIGDELDSNMELQRMIADVDTDSPREVFFRVAADMFADGNFNWGRVVALFYFASKL
VLKALCTKVPELIRTIMGWTLDFLRERLLVWIQDQGGWEGLLSYFGTPTWQTVTIFVAGV
LTASLTIWKKMG
Structure links:
Evolution [+]
View protein alignment and tree with Jalview:
Explore tree at phylomeDB: Click here.
Homologs list [+]
| Name | Relationship | Species |
|---|---|---|
| BAX | orthology | Chimpanzee |
| C_intestinalis_ENSCINP00000024813 | orthology | Ciona |
| BAX_BOVIN | orthology | Cow |
| NP_001003011.1 | orthology | Dog |
| BAX | orthology | Fugu |
| BAX | orthology | Gasterosteus |
| BAX | orthology | Gorilla |
| BAX | orthology | Horse |
| BAX | orthology | Human |
| BAX | orthology | Lyzard |
| BAX | orthology | Macaca |
| BAX | orthology | Medaka |
| BAX | orthology | Monodelphis |
| A0EJI1_PONPY | orthology | Orangutan |
| BAX | orthology | Rabbit |
| Bax | orthology | Rat |
| bax | orthology | Xenopus |
| BAX | orthology | Zebra finch |
| baxa | orthology | Zebrafish |
| A_aegypti_AAEL001515-PA | paralogy | Aedes |
| BCL2_CHICK | paralogy | Chicken |
| BOK_CHICK | paralogy | Chicken |
| NP_001026091.1 | paralogy | Chicken |
| Q9W6F1_CHICK | paralogy | Chicken |
| BCLX_CHICK | paralogy | Chicken |
| NP_990197.1 | paralogy | Chicken |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Chimpanzee |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Chimpanzee |
| BCL2L2 | paralogy | Chimpanzee |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Chimpanzee |
| XR_024448.1 | paralogy | Chimpanzee |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Chimpanzee |
| C_intestinalis_ENSCINP00000019812 | paralogy | Ciona |
| C_intestinalis_ENSCINP00000000654 | paralogy | Ciona |
| B2LA1_BOVIN | paralogy | Cow |
| IPI00908204.1 | paralogy | Cow |
| NP_001070954.1 | paralogy | Cow |
| NP_001071386.1 | paralogy | Cow |
| NP_001092676.1 | paralogy | Cow |
| BCLW_BOVIN | paralogy | Cow |
| NP_001092338.1 | paralogy | Cow |
| Q462R3_BOVIN | paralogy | Cow |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Dog |
| MCL1_CANFA | paralogy | Dog |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Dog |
| NP_001003072.1 | paralogy | Dog |
| NP_001018644.1 | paralogy | Dog |
| BCL2L1 (1 of 6) | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2L1 (6 of 6) | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2L1 (2 of 6) | paralogy | Fugu |
| T_rubripes_ENSTRUP00000006891 | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2L1 (3 of 6) | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2L1 (5 of 6) | paralogy | Fugu |
| BOK (1 of 2) | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2L1 (4 of 6) | paralogy | Fugu |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Gasterosteus |
| BCL2L1 (2 of 2) | paralogy | Gasterosteus |
| G_aculeatus_ENSGACP00000018978 | paralogy | Gasterosteus |
| BOK (1 of 2) | paralogy | Gasterosteus |
| BOK (2 of 2) | paralogy | Gasterosteus |
| BCL2L1 (1 of 2) | paralogy | Gasterosteus |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Gorilla |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Gorilla |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Gorilla |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Gorilla |
| BOK | paralogy | Gorilla |
| BCL2L2 | paralogy | Gorilla |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Horse |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Horse |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Horse |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Horse |
| BCL2L2 | paralogy | Horse |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Horse |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Human |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Human |
| BOK | paralogy | Human |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Human |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Human |
| BCL2L2 | paralogy | Human |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Human |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Lyzard |
| BOK | paralogy | Lyzard |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Lyzard |
| A_carolinensis_ENSACAP00000004550 | paralogy | Lyzard |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Lyzard |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Lyzard |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Lyzard |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Macaca |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Macaca |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Macaca |
| BCL2L2 | paralogy | Macaca |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Macaca |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Macaca |
| BOK | paralogy | Macaca |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Medaka |
| BOK (1 of 2) | paralogy | Medaka |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Medaka |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| M_domestica_ENSMODP00000005598 | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| BOK | paralogy | Monodelphis |
| Bcl2l2 | paralogy | Mouse |
| Mcl1 | paralogy | Mouse |
| Bak1 | paralogy | Mouse |
| Bcl2l1 | paralogy | Mouse |
| Bcl2 | paralogy | Mouse |
| Bok | paralogy | Mouse |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Orangutan |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Orangutan |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Orangutan |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Orangutan |
| P_pygmaeus_ENSPPYP00000006150 | paralogy | Orangutan |
| BOK | paralogy | Orangutan |
| BOK | paralogy | Ornithorhynchus |
| BCL2L2 | paralogy | Ornithorhynchus |
| BAK1 | paralogy | Rabbit |
| BCL2A1 | paralogy | Rabbit |
| Q9MYW4_RABIT | paralogy | Rabbit |
| MCL1 | paralogy | Rabbit |
| R_norvegicus_ENSRNOP00000052069 | paralogy | Rat |
| Bok | paralogy | Rat |
| RGD1561847_predicted | paralogy | Rat |
| Bak1 | paralogy | Rat |
| BCLX_RAT | paralogy | Rat |
| Bcl2a1 | paralogy | Rat |
| Bcl2 | paralogy | Rat |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Tetraodon |
| T_nigroviridis_ENSTNIP00000017211 | paralogy | Tetraodon |
| BCL2L1 (1 of 3) | paralogy | Tetraodon |
| BCL2L1 (2 of 3) | paralogy | Tetraodon |
| BCL2L1 (3 of 3) | paralogy | Tetraodon |
| BOK (1 of 2) | paralogy | Tetraodon |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Xenopus |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Xenopus |
| bcl2l2 | paralogy | Xenopus |
| BCL2L1 | paralogy | Zebra finch |
| BOK | paralogy | Zebra finch |
| BCL2 | paralogy | Zebra finch |
| boka | paralogy | Zebrafish |
| bcl2 | paralogy | Zebrafish |
| mcl1b | paralogy | Zebrafish |
| bcl2l | paralogy | Zebrafish |
| D_rerio_ENSDARP00000037180 | paralogy | Zebrafish |
| zgc:153993 | paralogy | Zebrafish |
| BAXB | paralogy | Zebrafish |
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Gene Ontology [+]
| GO id | Name | Ontology type | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001101 | response to acid | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0001541 | ovarian follicle development | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0001764 | neuron migration | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0001777 | T cell homeostatic proliferation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0001782 | B cell homeostasis | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0001822 | kidney development | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0001836 | release of cytochrome c from mitochondria | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0001844 | protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane during induction of apoptosis | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0001974 | blood vessel remodeling | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0002262 | myeloid cell homeostasis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0002352 | B cell negative selection | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0002358 | B cell homeostatic proliferation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0002904 | positive regulation of B cell apoptosis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0006687 | glycosphingolipid metabolic process | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0006808 | regulation of nitrogen utilization | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0006974 | response to DNA damage stimulus | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0007281 | germ cell development | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0007399 | nervous system development | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0008053 | mitochondrial fusion | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0008629 | induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0008635 | activation of caspase activity by cytochrome c | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0009566 | fertilization | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0009636 | response to toxin | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0009651 | response to salt stress | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0009791 | post-embryonic development | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0010332 | response to gamma radiation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0019987 | negative regulation of anti-apoptosis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0021854 | hypothalamus development | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0021987 | cerebral cortex development | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0030264 | nuclear fragmentation during apoptosis | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0031558 | induction of apoptosis in response to chemical stimulus | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0032471 | reduction of endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion concentration | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0033137 | negative regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0033599 | regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0034644 | cellular response to UV | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0035108 | limb morphogenesis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0035234 | germ cell programmed cell death | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0042475 | odontogenesis of dentine-containing tooth | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0043281 | regulation of caspase activity | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0043524 | negative regulation of neuron apoptosis | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0043525 | positive regulation of neuron apoptosis | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0045136 | development of secondary sexual characteristics | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0046666 | retinal cell programmed cell death | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0046902 | regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0048087 | positive regulation of pigmentation during development | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0048147 | negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0048515 | spermatid differentiation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0048597 | post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0048678 | response to axon injury | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0048873 | homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0051260 | protein homooligomerization | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0051281 | positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0051726 | regulation of cell cycle | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0060011 | Sertoli cell proliferation | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0060041 | retina development in camera-type eye | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0060058 | positive regulation of apoptosis involved in mammary gland involution | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0060068 | vagina development | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0070059 | apoptosis in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0048872 | homeostasis of number of cells | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0010524 | positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0009611 | response to wounding | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0006915 | apoptosis | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0006917 | induction of apoptosis | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0008637 | apoptotic mitochondrial changes | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0008624 | induction of apoptosis by extracellular signals | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0007283 | spermatogenesis | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0008285 | negative regulation of cell proliferation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0006919 | activation of caspase activity | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0007548 | sex differentiation | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0008283 | cell proliferation | biological_proccess | IDA |
| GO:0008584 | male gonad development | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0042981 | regulation of apoptosis | biological_proccess | IEA |
| GO:0001783 | B cell apoptosis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0043065 | positive regulation of apoptosis | biological_proccess | IMP |
| GO:0010212 | response to ionizing radiation | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0001776 | leukocyte homeostasis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0051402 | neuron apoptosis | biological_proccess | IGI |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | mollecular_function | IPI |
| GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity | mollecular_function | IPI |
| GO:0046982 | protein heterodimerization activity | mollecular_function | IPI |
| GO:0051434 | BH3 domain binding | mollecular_function | IPI |
| GO:0005622 | intracellular | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0005625 | soluble fraction | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0005739 | mitochondrion | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0005741 | mitochondrial outer membrane | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | cell_component | IEA |
| GO:0016021 | integral to membrane | cell_component | IEA |
| GO:0044445 | cytosolic part | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0005829 | cytosol | cell_component | IDA |
| GO:0031966 | mitochondrial membrane | cell_component | IDA |
Check GO Evidence Codes here
Information from other databases [+]
- Gene info from MGI [?] MGI:99702
- Ensembl genome browser [?] : ENSMUSG00000003873
- Expression info from Arrayexpress [?] : ENSMUSG00000003873
- Protein expression from Protein Atlas: [?] ENSMUSG00000003873
- Community gene edition from Wikigenes: [?] 12028
Click on [?] for more information.
